Understanding Ethylene Oxide Sterilization

Posted on: 19 July 2021

In a clinical setting, medical instruments and devices are often used. Without the proper sterilization of these items, invasive applications that allow contact between the instruments and the tissue of a patient could lead to a life-threatening infection. Multiple disinfection techniques are used in the health care industry. One of them is ethylene oxide (EO) device processing. Here is a bit of information about sterilization processes that use ethylene oxide.

What Is EO?

Ethylene oxide is a compound that prevents cellular reproduction and stops the metabolism of microorganisms. It is particularly effective because it can permeate packaging to sterilize surfaces through porous materials.

What Devices and Medical Products Can Be Sterilized Using Ethylene Oxide?

Ethylene oxide can be applied to sterilize a variety of medical utensils and devices. A few of them are:

  • Wound dressings
  • Catheters
  • Stents
  • Electronic equipment

Are There Benefits Associated With Using EO Device Sterilization?

Some sterilization methods can harm the items that are being sterilized. Ethylene oxide sterilization limits the environmental stresses that the equipment experiences during the sterilization process. Additionally, the compound can sterilize items that have been packaged in cartons and other sealed packaging materials.

During ethylene oxide sterilization, the process does not expose the items to be sterilized to additional radiation, moisture, or heat.

Is Ethylene Oxide Residue Left on The Sterilized Surfaces?

Trace amounts of ethylene oxide may be left on items that had been sterilized through the EO device sterilization process. However, standards have been set to limit the amount of remaining residue so that the process remains safe.

If any remaining ethylene oxide levels need to be reduced, a sterilized product may be aerated for a period to allow levels to dissipate.

Are Any Materials Incompatible with Ethylene Oxide Sterilization?

Most materials are fully compatible with the sterilization process. However, liquids are typically not sterilized in this manner. Additionally, any packaging material that surrounds the product to be sterilized must be porous or breathable. Ethylene oxide gas must be able to make contact with the surfaces that need to be sterilized.

How Long Does the Sterilization Process Take?

The sterilization processing time can vary. However, it typically takes a few hours. Variables in the sterilization process include the humidity levels, temperature, size of the chamber, and concentration of ethylene oxide that is applied.

To learn more about EO sterilization, schedule a consultation with a healthcare sanitation professional in your local area.

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